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???????????2?????????????????15???????????? ????????:?????:????????

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?,????????????????????????,???«?????»???????,?????????,?,????????????????

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???????,?????,?????????“??”???????????,??????,?;??,????????????????????;?????????????,????????,??????;???????,??????????????????????????????????????????,???

2024?????9???????,???????????????????

????‘???’(connecting the dots),???????,?????????????????,??????????????????????,????????????,????????????????,????????,????????????“?????????????”?“?????????????????,??????????,???????????????,?????????,???????”

?????????????,?????,????????????????????????,“???????,?????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????,?????????????????”

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1987????????????,??(UCLA)??????????????,??????(NASA)??????????????????????“?,????????,???????”?????????,“?????,?,???????????????”

2024???????12?????????????????21?????????,«??????»?,????????????????(?)????????(?????),?«?»????????

1992???????????????????????,????«????»????????????,???????????????????,????????????????,??????????,?????????????????

?????????????????,????“??????????”,??????????????????????????“???????”?????,????????;??????????2005???????????“???”,???????????“???????????????”;2009?????,?????,?????????«????»?????«???????????????»,?????????????????????……

“????????,???????”???????,“??????????,??;?????????????????,??????????”

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2011??????,???????????10????????,????????????,????,??????????

2014??????????7??,????????????????«???????»?????????????????????????,??????(??)?????????????????

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“???????????????????,??????????”?,??,?????????????????“????????????????,????,????????????????”(??)

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