???????????????

???2025?????,??????????????????????????,??90?????????

????1980????????,“??”???2023?????????????????1?????????????????????????18???,????,???????

????????,??????,????????????????????“???????????”,????????????????????????????

????????????,????????????????“????”????????????,????????????,???????????????????????????,?????????????????????,????

?????

2023????9???????25???????,???????,?????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????“?????????????”????

?,??“????????????????????”?????????????,??????????????

???????????

“????????,?????”?????????????????????

??????70???????????,?????

????????????????1977???????????1978???????????,???????????,???????,??????“??????????????”,???????????????????????,???????????????

???,?????????????????,??????????????,??,?????????????????????????,??,???????100????????????????????;?1991?????????????,????????????????500?????????????????;??????2017?????????,???????????4700?????

????????????

???????????????,??,?????????????,??

????????????????,?????????????????,???????,??????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????“?????????”?,?????????????????,???????,??????,??????????

????

“???,???????100%?????????????3?????????????4??????????????,??????????????,????????????????????????,?????”???????40??????????????,???????,??????????????????,???????????????????????????

?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????

???

??????????????????????????1997???????????,??10??,????6?,?????????????,???????,?????????

???????????,???????????,????????????,???,?,?????????

2004????,??????,???“????????????”???????????2008???????8?????????1???,??????????350????????????????????

???????????????,???????????????????,???????????,????,?????????????????,???????????,?????????????,?????????????????????

????????????????2024???????????12???29????????????9??????????30???,???,??????????????????????????400??????????????CR450???,“?????????????????????????”“????”????????,????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????“CR450??????????????????”??

????????????????????????????,?????????2024???12?????26????????????,?????,??????,???????“????????????????????”???,??????????????????5G????????????????????????BIM???????????????,??,??,?,??“?????????????‘???????????????????’?????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????”

???????????????2017?2???25????10?????????????33?????,G65???????????,??????????,??????????6??25???????????????????,?????“????”?“?”??????????,????????????????“??”??,????????????????

?,??????,???????

????????,?????????????????????????,?????????“?”?????,??

2024?????????????1????????????????26??,???C919????????????????????????111????????,?;2024??,??????????4500??????????????“?????????????????”,???????????????????……

???????,????,??????,2013???????????2023???,????8.1%??,????10.1%,???????7.3%,????????????????????????4.3%,????????????????????3.2%,??????????????,?????1000??????????????,????????????

????,?????????????????????????????,????“1+1>2”??????,?????

????????????????????,2024?????«?»,????????????,???,?,?????

?????????????????

2021??10?14????,????,???????????????,???????????????????

???,?,????????????,??????????????????,??????????????????

“?,?????????????????,??????????,??????,?,?????????????????????????”????????

??????,?????????????????

1?14?????????,?????????,????????????????,??????????????????“?????????????”,???????????,??????????,???

“?????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????”???????????,??????????,??????????????????????“????????????”????????????????????????????,????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????,??,????

??????????????,??????????

???????,???????????????????11???????????????,???????????????????????????,????????,?????????,???????,??,????,????????????????????????????

??:?????????????????A3??????,?30???????????15??;???,????????,????????????????;??????,????????????,?????????????????;?????????????,??????????“???????????”???,???????????

????????,??

??,???????????????,???,??,??????????????

?????????????,????????,???????????????????????,??????????????????????,????“????”,?????????

?????????,???????????????,??????????“e????????????????”??????????????,?????

?,???????????????????,?????????????????“??????,???????????10?????,??”??????????????30??“???”??

??????????????????,????12306????????,????????????

1996????????,???,???????????2019???????????????6??????????????18???????,??????????,?????????????,???????????

??,???????????????????????????,??????????,????,???????????????????????……?,????????,2024?????????????????????,??????????12306????????2000??????????,???????????????????60???????????

????????????????????12306????????????????28??????????????????????,????????????????????????“????????,?????????12306?1???????1000???????????????????,????????‘????’?”?????????

???,????12306???????7???????????,????????,????????????,???

??????????????12306????????????????,???,???????,??????????,??????????????,???????????,??

?????

2025????1????14????,??2????????22????????,?????????40????????????,???????????90???????,???7%,?????????????

?????????????????????????,??????????

“????????,????????????……”2025????,????????43???????????????????????,????????????????????????,??????????,??????“?”?????“??????????????????”????,????????????????,???????????????????,????,“???”?

???????????

???

?,??????,?????????

???????,?????????,????,????????????????????????????????,???????????????????,?????4??2023????????“?????????”“????????????”,2024???????????????“??????????????????”“?”??????????4????????????????,2024????10??????????????????????????1??,???????????????2144.8????????????,?????????????

?????????????,????????????????????,???,????????????????????????????????????????,1981?????1??;1984??,???????????????????,??5????????????????;2014??????36????,??????????????????,?????????????????,??????2015??????????????2019???,??29????????30???????????????????;2020??????????????????????????2023???????,????????????????????,?;2024???????????,??????????????84.2???,???????????,???17???,???????????????

????

????,??????????????????

????,???????????????????????,??????????????2024????????????????????????????????,??????15.5???

???,2025??????????????,?90??????????????,????????????,???????72????,?????????,??

??????????,??????????2023????????,?????????????????????????????,??????“????”???????,?????????;2024????????????,?????????????,????????

??

???????????,????????,??????????2025?????????,???????????????????????,??????????????????

????????,??????????????,???,?,?,????????????????“??”????????????2015?,????????????2024??????,??????????????3140????????????????,????8.9%?

????,???????,?????????120??????????,???????????????????????????????600?800???????,????????????????????,?????????????????????????????

??,??,?????????????????,????,???????

???????,????????????????????????????????,2024???????????7???20.03???????????,????????????2.86?;??2024????????????8??,???22.93??????????????????,??????????2.87??????,??????2024??????????????????????10?1????3.31???????,?????2024?????2????15??(?????????)???3.15??????,???????6?????????????????????3???????????,???5????????????3????

????????????????????,??????????,?????????2015????,????????????10?3000?????2024????,????????????????4.53????????,??96?????????????,???????????,????????????????????????????????,???

????????

“?????????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????,??????????????????”???????

???,???????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????,??????????

????,????????,????????,??????????,?,?????????????????????,?????????????,???????????,?,??????????????,?????????????,????,???????????????????????????????,?????????

??????????,????????????????????

??????????????

????????,???,???,???????????????????????????????????????,?,??????????????????????,????

??????????,????????????????????????????,???????????????????????“??”???16.2????,????4.8??????????,?????????????????;??????????????????,1988??????,?????????????????,???????,?19????????????????,???????????;???????,1993?????????,??????????????,??????????,??????????????????;?????????,????????6.7??;???????“6????????????7?????8?”????26????????,???????????????90%?

2024????????????????????,??????????600????????????????,??????????????,???????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????????????5.1??9000??,???

?????

???????????,???????,????????????????,?????????????????????????????,????????????????,?????????????,????????????????

“????????????????????????????,?????????????,?????????????????,???,???????,???????????”?????

????????????????????????,????????????90??,????????????????,??,?????????????,??????????????????,???????

??????????,???????????????????,???????????,?????????????????????????????

????,???????,????????????

??

2020?????????????1????????16??,???????6065?????????????,?????7???????????????????,??????????5????????????????,???????????????????????????,????“???,????,????????????????????”????????????,????????

?,????,??,??????????,??????????????????????????????????,????

???????????,????,??????1992???????,????21??2010????,???????????172?????????2011?,????????164??????????????????????????????,??,2016?147???????????

????

“??????????????,????”,??,??????,???????????????????????,???????????

“?”?????????,???,?????,??????????????????:????,???????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????,?“????????????”“???”????????????,????????,???????????

?,?????????,???

?

2024???????????,?????????????????????,????,????????????????????????????,?????????????,??,??????????????

????????????????,?,??????????????????????,????????????????????????????1978???????????171??????????2012????16510??????????,?????????2024?????????????????????????????41314????????????,?????????????????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????……?????????????????,???

??????????????????????????,??????

?21????81????“????????????”,????????,???????2???????,???;

????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????;

???????????????,?????????????????,???????,???????……

????????????????,?????????,??,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???,??? (???????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????) ???????????????:??