?? ??????????????

????:1???????????:??????????
2?????
3?51?????ios??
4?????????????
5???????
???2025???????2?????21?????????????,??????«?»??“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(??)”????????????????????????????????(????)????,??????“?”(Kongming),????“???????”????,?????
????,????????????????????????????????????????,????????????“???????????????”???????????1950???(????????????????cAMP?cGMP)??????,????????????????????,??????????????????,???????????,??,??????????????????KomA(??A)?KomB(?????????????B)?KomC(????????????C)????????,??(DNK)?“??????????”:KomA??DNK????????????????????????????,???????????(dAMP)???????????dITP?????KomC????NAD⁺,????“????????????”???????????,???????????,??“?????????????????”???,??????????????????“?”?????,??????????
??,“??????”?????????????????????,??(??KomB-KomC?KomA)??????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????dITP???:?????????,????????????????????(??????ADA??????)??????????????????,???????
(?????? ? ??) ???????????:???????