2023???3.3?????????????

????:??????????:??????????

?10??????2?????? (?????? ?????)?????????2??«2023????»???????,2023?(R&D)??3.3???(?????????,?????),??????33357.1??????,?????????8.4%,???“???”???“??7%?????????????”???

??????????????R&D????2012??1??,2019??2??,2022??????3????,??R&D????????,????????

??,2023??R&D?(R&D??GDP??)???????2.65%,?????0.09???,?????????“???”??0.02???,??????R&D????12???????,?(OECD)???????(2.73%)?

?????????R&D???????2023???,?R&D??25922.2?????3856.3?????????????????2753.3???,??8.6%?1.1%????????14.1%???,???R&D?77.7%,???2022???0.1??,??(79.0%)????????(79.4%),???????(67.4%)??????????????(65.8%)??????

???R&D???,2023?????????????????????2259.1??????????????3661.5?27436.5??,???????11.6%?5.1%???8.5%???,?????R&D?????6.77%,????(??????????) ??????:??