2023?????????????3.3???

????:????:???????

?????????????????10??2???? (? ???)????2??«2023???»????,2023???(R&D)???3.3?????(?????????????,??),?33357.1????????,?????8.4%,??????“??”????????“???????7%?”???

?????R&D???2012???1???,2019?????????2???,2022?????3???,??R&D?????,???

??,2023??????R&D??????????(R&D?GDP???????)??2.65%,???????????????0.09?,??????????????“??????”??0.02???,???????????R&D??12???,?????(OECD)???????(2.73%)?

??????????????R&D???2023?,??R&D???????25922.2??????3856.3???????2753.3???,??8.6%?1.1%?14.1%????,??R&D?????????????77.7%,?????????2022??????0.1????,?????(79.0%)???(79.4%),?(67.4%)???????(65.8%)??????

???R&D??,2023???????2259.1????????3661.5??27436.5??,???11.6%?5.1%??8.5%??????????????,???R&D????????6.77%,???(??????) ???????:????????