????:1?????????:????

2??????????

3???????

4????????

5???????

???????????10??????????14????????????(??????????)2024??????“?”????????????10?14????,2024????????????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson???James A. Robinson????

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????????????????????“??????”?????????????,??????????“??????????”,????“??”???

???1968???????,?????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????,????????????????

?????“??????????”,????,??67????????????2007???????????(Leonid Hurwicz),???,????????????90??????????????????????????????????2019?????????????(Esther Duflo),??????46???

????????,?????,??????????????2009????(Elinor Ostrom)?

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????“???????????”?

?????????1969???2024??????,????56??????,????90???????????????????,??????????????????????

“??????,???????????,???????????????”?????

1994????????????????????????????????“??????????????????”?????«???????????????»????????2015???????????,????????????????????

2002??,???“??????????,??????????????????????????????”????????

??????????:2018?????

2018??,???????????????????(William D. Nordhaus)??????????(Paul M. Romer),???????????????:“?”?“?”?

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????,????,?????????????“?”,“????????????”?

2017????????????????(Richard Thaler)?????“??????”???,??????????????????????????????????,????????????????,???,???????????????????????????,?????????????????

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2019???????????,???????????????????????,??????????,???,?????????????????????????,????

“2019??????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????,?????”??(???????????????)

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