?? 2024???3.6?????????????
????:1?????????????:???????
2??????????????
3????????????
4??????????
5???????
??1?23????? (?????? ??????????)????23?????????????????,2024????(R&D)???3.6?????(??????????,?????),???????R&D??(R&D?????????????????GDP?)???????
????,2024?????????????,???????R&D??????36130?????,?8.3%,??????????????????
??????,2024?????,?????R&D????2.68%,???0.1?????????????????????????????,???R&D??12????????,??????????(2.11%),??(OECD)?????(2.73%)?
????????????,???2024?????,???????????????2497???????????,??????10.5%,???????R&D?????2.2??;???R&D????6.91%,?????0.14??,????
??????,?????????????????,?????,?,?????????????????,2024?R&D???,??????????,??(?) ???:???????????