??????????????
??????2025??????????????????2?????????????21??,?�??????????????????�??????�Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(????????????????????????????)�????????????????????????(?????????)????,???????�??�(Kongming),??�??????????�?????????????????,?????????????????????
??????,??????,???????????????????????�????�????????1950????(??????cAMP?cGMP)???,??????????????,?????????,??????,???????????,?KomA(????????????????????A)?KomB(??B)?KomC(???C)????????,??????(DNK)????�??????�:KomA??DNK??,??(dAMP)????????????dITP???KomC??NAD⁺,?????�?????????????????????????????????????�????????????????,????,??�??�?????????????????,???????�?????????????�??,???????????
??,�?�????????????,???(??????KomB-KomC???????????KomA)???????????,??????????dITP???????????:??????????????????,??????(????????????ADA?????????????????)???????????????,????
(????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????) ?????:??????
??