????:1???????????:?????????????

2????????????

3??????V

4????????????

5???????????

????????12??????27???????????? ?????????????????12??????26???,???????????“??????????”????????????????????,????????92???

???????????????27????????,???????????????,?????????

“??,?????????”?????????????,??“??????????????”?

?

1932???????????,????????????,???????,???,??????????????,????????

?????,????????1960?????????????

1970???????????,?????????,??

1971??????????????????1976?????????????????,????;

1980???,????????????,?????????,????;

1982??,????????????????,???????????

“???????????????”

1991???????????????,?????????????????,?????????????,????????8.5%,????????????3.5%,???

????????????????,?????????10???????????????????,?????

????????????????????????,???????????,??????????

?,?,????????,???????????,???

?????,??????:“?????”???????????????:“??????????,????”

????????????,??????????????,??,?????????????“???????????????????”?

?????????

2004??????????,??,????,????????

??,?????????????????????,????????????????????????,??????,???????,??????????????????

??????????????,????????,??????8%-9%???,??????

????,????,???????,?????????,???????????????

???,???????????????????????,???????,???????????????????????????????????????????????

????????2009???,?????????1962???????????????,????????5??????????

???????,????????????????????,??,??

??2014??,?????????????? ?????????????????:?????????