??????,????????? “?”??

??

???,?????????????“??????????”????,???????????

???,????????????,????,??(???????????????????????????????),“???”?????????????

“????”???????????????,???????????????????……??????,?,???“????”?????,???

????,????????????????

??“?????????????????”,????????,??????????,??????????,?????,???????,??“???”????????????

??????????? ???

“????????????”???,????,?????????,??????????20???????40????,???“???”?????,??????“?????”,????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?“???”?

?????????????? ?????????????

???,?????????,???????????,????,????????????????????????????????????????????“????”?????

??????? ??????????

?????????“???????????????”????????,????????????,???,????,?????????,????????,??,???

???????????????? ????????

??????????????,???????,?????????????,???,???,?????“????”??,????,????

???????????????,“?”???????

??????????,???,??,???“?”?

?????????“???”???????????«??»????:“??????????????????????,???????,??,????,????????”???????????????,???

????????????????????? ???????

????????????,???????????????,????????????????????8000????,“??,??”?

1887??«??????????????»???????????????,????,?????????????,???

??????????,??,????????????????,??8?????????????,?????,?????????,???????,“????????????20????30???????,????????”,?????????

????????????????????????

??????,????????“?”???,????????????????,??????,????“???5????,?????????????”???,????????,?????????????????,????????

????????“?????”???,??,?????????????????,?????????????????????,??,?????????????????,?????????????????????,??“????”???????????????,“????????”??????????????????????????

?????,“???”?????

?,??????“????”,??????????????,???,????

???,?????,????????????:?????????……

???? ?????????????

????????«???????»??(«????????????»???),?????????:“??……?????????????,????,????????????,???????,?????????????,??????????????……”

????????????????? “?????????”,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???,??????? ????

??????????????,???,?????,???????

???????????,????????,??????????

??,?????????????,??????????,????

???????:???????? ??

????????:??????????????

?????:??????????

?????????

???????????,????????? “?”???????

????????