????:1??????????:??????

2????400?3????

3?????????

4??????????????

5?51????

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???????????????????“???????”(??????),???????????????????????????????,??????????“?”???????

????,???????????????????????2008????,??????????“???????????????”???????????????????????????120?????

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?????,?“?”,??????????????

???????????????,?????????????11??????,????????8.7%,??????????3.8????????,??????2????????????????55.3%?

?????????,???????????9.2%,???????????????????????????????????????5.3??????7.1???;???7.9%,?????????????10.4??????????????8??????

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????????????,????????????????????????????????????,2023???????????????????????????4.53???,?????????52.85%?

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???,????8???????????????????,????????????????5?,????2400??????????????,??????????10%?

???????,????????????????????????????????,????????40??????????????????????60????????????????????????????

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???????????11?????????????????????????????,??12.8%,?????????????11.2%?16.5%,??1.9??????6.2?????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????37.3%?20.4%?15.9%?

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11?????????????????,??????????(PMI)??????????????????0.6???1.6??????????????????????,????

??«?2024???»??,??13.6??,???19.2%,?????????????

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