2023?????????????3.3???

????:9???699??????:??????

??10???????2?? (??????? ???)??????????2???????«2023??»??,2023?????????(R&D)?3.3?????????????(???,????),????????33357.1??????,?????8.4%,??“???”?????“??7%???????”??????????????

??R&D?????2012?1??,2019??2??????,2022?????3??,??R&D??,???????

???,2023?R&D????????(R&D?GDP?)???2.65%,???????0.09??????,????“?????”?0.02??,?????????????????R&D??12???,??????????(OECD)?????????(2.73%)?

???????R&D????????????????2023???,?R&D??25922.2???3856.3??????????????2753.3????,???????8.6%?1.1%??14.1%?????,?????R&D?????????????????77.7%,?????2022????0.1??????,???(79.0%)??(79.4%),??????(67.4%)???????(65.8%)???

?????R&D???,2023?????????2259.1????3661.5???27436.5??,???11.6%?5.1%???8.5%?????,?R&D??6.77%,??????????????(????????) ???:??