????:1???????????:?????????

2?????????????

3????????

4????????????

5?????????

???????????,????????????

2024 ???????????????????,???????????????????,??«??????????????????»(?????????“???????”)?????????????????,?????,? 3 ?????????????,???,????? 7.86%,??????

??????????????,2018 ?????????? OECD(???????)????????? 3 ?????????????????????? 33.8%??????????,????,???????“????????”??,?????????????????

??,??????“????????????”??,??????????

????,?????2025?,?????????“??????”?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????

?,?????????????????????????? 6 ????????????????????????-3 ????????????????,???????????? 6 ?;????????????????????????????;??????????????????????

???2024 ??????? 11 ??,?????????? 20 ??«??????»??????,???,??

?3?????????????

?,????3??????????

???,2018?????????????,??3??,??????????????????????????????,?????????????????2?????92.1%??????????????,2??????????????????56.5%,1?????????????????33.2%?

?????????????????????????????????,??“?”,???????????

?????,2018???????????OECD ????3?????????? 33.8%????,2024??????????,?????????????3?7.86%?

????????????,?????,??????????????????????????????????

«2019??????????????»(???“2019?????”)???????????6?????????15-49 ??,??????????????????????27.6%???????????????????????? 2016 ???????,??????? 1/3 ?????????????2024?????????????,?????????????????,???????3?????????

????????????,???????

“????,??”

?,?????Papi??,????????????????????1???????3??,???????“???????”“?,??”???

????2019?????,??????????????????????

???????,???????,???????????????????????,??,???????,??

?,???????????????????????,????????????????????2019 ????????????,?????????????????,?????

????????????????,?????2017?????????????(?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)?????????????0-3 ????(?“????????????”???????????)?????,??????????,???????????????12%???

???????,????????????????????2019????????????,??,??????????????????0-3???????????????,?????????????????2.2%???

??,??????,???????????????,??????,???????????????????????????????

??2024??????,2023???????,??89.5%,??????????????(???????????)???????????????1978?????????,????????5500??????????????,??????????????,????????????,2023??46.7%?

“(??????)???,???????????,”????,?????????????,???1??2?????????????,???????

??2024????????12?????????????????,??????0??1????????????????,??????????1-2????????1:3,???????????2-3???????1:4?

???????????????????,????,??????????????????????,???????,???

???,?????????????????????,????2????????????,?,????????,????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????

?????????????????????????????

?????????,???????????????????????????,??????

2022??CFPS?,10????,??,??

?,???2012????2022???????????,???????????3?????6%????????????????,???????????????????

???????????,????,2022?3??58.7%?

??????????????,???????,??????????????????

??????:??????????????,????????

?2019??????????????,??????????????,??3??????????????????????????“??????”?

???????????,??????,???????????

????????????,?,?????????????,?????????

????????20??50???????????????70???,??????????,????????????????,1954?????,???????4003???????,2670??,??,??????

?????????,1950?????????????,???????????????????,????????????????????

????????,????,1960????????????70%,??????????

??????????,?????????????????????????,1963??????????????????????????????2975????????

?????????,???????,1984???

“????”???????????1955??????,??????????,????,???????????????????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????????????

????????,??,??,??????????????????,????????????75%~85%,???90%?

??????,????20??????????????90????

??? 20??90?????????????,????????????????????????????,???????????????,???????????

?????,?????,1981??????????????????????????,????20??????,???????????????????????562???????,???????10.5??????????????????????????????????????2022???,????????????30???????????????,?????????1414???

??????????????21?????????,????????????? ??????,????,??????????????

????,???,?????

??????????????2015??,????“???”????????,???????????????????2022?????????????????,??? ,?,???????????????

????????,?????“??”?????????????????,????????????????????????“?????”?????,????????????????????????????,2021????????????????,?????“??????????”,??????300???? ??100??,??????300??

???????????,??,?????????????????????????“??????”“??”???????????????????????“???”????,?????

?????????,?????????,???????????,??,???????????????????????????????????,?????????????,?,??

??????????«????????»?????,????????????20?????????????????,??,?,??????????????,?????????????????????“?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????”?????????,??????????????????????:“???????,????????”?(?? ???????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????????) ????????????????????????????????????:?????