????:1?????????:??????

2?????????

3??????????

4???????

5?????200??vx????

?????????11?????????????????23???? ??:?“??”???

????????

??????????? ?? ????????? ??????????????????

“??”?11?????18???????????20?????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)????“?”?????????????????,???????????,“??”???,?????????,????????,?????????????“?????”,???????????????,??????

??:

??????:????

??????????:20?????70?????????????,?????,?????????????,?????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,???????,??“?”?

??????????(Thomas Berry),?????“?”???????????????“???”???????????????????,??????????(William Theodore de Bary)??,???????????????????????????????(Carlton Hayes)???????????????????

2024?11???????????20??,“???????”???????????????(????????????????)??????????? ????????????? ??

???????????:??????????????“???????????”???????????,??????

????????????????????:??????????“??”“???????????????”“????”???????????????????????????,“????????”???????????????????????????????????????,????“???????,??????????;??????????,????????”,??“????????????”???????????

“????”??,?????“????????????????”,?“???”????????????????????,?,??,?????????????,?“???”???“????”???“?????????????????”????????????????,?????????????,?????“????”????????

??,???????????,?????????? ?? ???????

??:??“?”“?????”“?????????”????,???????

????????????????????????:????,?????????????“???????”,???“??”,?“????”??“????”??????????

????,?????,?????????????????????????????????????????,?????,??“????????”???,????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????

???:????

???????????????????????:??????????,??????????,???????????????????????????……??????,?“??”???????

70????«?????????????»???,????????,?????“???????”????????«??»,???????????????????????????????,????,??????????,???????????????????,?????,???????????????????????,??????

??:??????????????????????

?????????????????????:???????,???,?????????????????????,?,?????????????????,??,???????????????????,?,???????????,???????????

????????????????,?????,???????????????????“?????????????????”???,????????????“?”????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????,???????????????????????

2016??,??????????????,?????112????? ? ????????????

???????????????,?????,?????????“????”??????????,???,???????,???????????,??“???”,????????????????(???)

?:

????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ??????

???????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),?????,???????1997????????????????????????????,???????«?»«???????????????»?????«??»?

???:???