??????????????????,????????

2024 ?????????????????,?????,?????????«?»(??????????????????????“???????????????”)??????,??????????????,?????????????????? 3 ?????,??,???? 7.86%,?????

???????????,2018 ??????????? OECD(???????)????????????????????? 3 ?? 33.8%???????,?????????????,??“??????????????”????,???

??,???“??????????????????????????”??????????,????????????????

????????????,?????????????2025?,?????????“?????”???????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????

?????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ???????-3 ?????????????????,?????? 6 ????????;???????????????????????????????????;????????????????????????????????

???2024 ???????????? 11 ??????,???? 20 ???????????????????«????»???????????????,???????,????????

????????????????3????

??,???3???

??,2018????,??????????3?,?????????????????????????????????????,??2??????????????????92.1%????????,2??56.5%,1???????33.2%?

?????????????????,??????????????“??????????”,???????????????

?????,2018?????????????OECD ??????????????????????????????3??????????????????? 33.8%????????????????????????????,2024?????????,???3?????????????7.86%?

?????????????,?,???????????????

«2019??»(????????????????????“2019???????”)????????6???15-49 ????,??27.6%????????? 2016 ??????????????,?????? 1/3 ?????????2024??????????????,????????,????????????????3??

????,???????

“??,??????”

?????????????????,??????????????????Papi??,?????1????????????????3?,?????“????”“??,????????”?????????????

???????????????????????2019?????,????????????????????????????????????????

????????????,??,??????????????,??????????????,???????,????

?,?????????????????????????????,???????????????2019 ????????,???????????????????,???

???,??????????????2017????(??????????????????????????????????)?0-3 ?????????????????(????????????“?????????”??)??????,??,?????????????12%???

?????,??????????2019?????????,???,??????????0-3??,????????2.2%??????

??,?????,??????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????

??????????????2024??,2023??,?????????????89.5%,?????(??)????????????????1978??????????,??????5500???,???????????????,??????,2023?????????????????46.7%?

“(???????????)??,?????????????????????,”????????,??????????,???????????1????2??????????????,????????????

????????????????????????2024???12??,???????0?1????????????,????1-2?????????????1:3,?????2-3??1:4?

???????????????????????????????,?????????,?????????????????????????,??????,????????????????????????

?????????????,?????????????,???????????2?????????,????????????,????????????????,??,????????????????????????,????????????

????????????

????,????,???????????

2022??????CFPS???????,10????????????,????????,????????????????????

???,???2012??????????????????2022?????????,?3?????????6%????????????????,??????????

??,??????,2022??3?58.7%?

???????????,???????,????

??????????:?,??????????????????

??????????????2019????????????????????????????,?????????????????????,?3????????????“?”?

?????????????????????????,???,??????????????

???,????,??????????????????,????

??20???50??????70????????,???????,?????????????,1954??????????,????????????4003???????????,2670?,?????????????,??????

??,1950?????????,???????????????,??????

????????????????????????,??????????,1960?????????????????????70%,??

??,?????,1963??????2975???????????

??,??????????????????,1984??

“?????????????”??????1955??,???????,????????,????????????????,?????,????????????

???????,????????,????????,???,?75%~85%,??90%?

????,?????????????????20?90??????????????

?????? 20??90??,???????????,???????????,????

???????????,????,1981??????????,?20????????????????????,??562??????,?????10.5???????????2022?,??????????30????????,????1414????????

???????????????21??????????????,?? ?,?????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????

???????,????,?????????????????

?????????2015????,???“??”??????????????,?????????2022??,???????????? ,???,??????????????

????????????,??????????“???”???????????,??????????????“?????????????????????????????????”?????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021?????????????????,??????“?????????????????”,????300????????????? ??100?,?????300?????????????

???????????,?????????????,??????“??”“????????????????”????????????“???????”???,???????

?????????????????,?????????,?,????????????????,?????????????????,??,????????????????????????,?????

????????????????«????????????»?????????????????,????20????,??????,?????????,??????????????,?????????????????“?????????????????????????????????????????????????”?,?????????????????????:“?????,?????”?(?????????? ?? ????????????? ??? ??) ????????????????:?????????????????

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