????:1???????????:???????????

2????????

3????????????

4?????????

5?????

??11??????????23?? ??????????:??“????????”??????????

???????

????????????? ?? ?????????? ??

“????????????????????????????”??????????11????18????20?????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)??“????”?????????????,???????,“???????????????”??,????????????,???,?????“?”,?,????

?????????????:

??:???

?????????:20??70?????,???????????,?,?????,??????????????????????????,??,???“??”?

?????????(Thomas Berry),?“?????????”??????????“????????????????”??????????????,??????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)???????,??????????(Carlton Hayes)??????????????????

2024?11???20?,“??”?????????????????????(???)????????????????? ?????? ?

????????????????????:???????“??????????”??????????????????????????????????,????????

????????????????????????????????:??“??”“?????”“??”?????????????????????????,“???????”?????????,????“??,??;???????????????,?”,???“????”???

“???”???????????????,?“??????”,?“?????”?,??????????????,??????????,?????????,????????????????“??”?????“????”?????????“??????????”??????,???????????,????????????“????”???????

????????,?????????,???????????????????????? ????? ??????????????

????????:?????????????“?????????????”“?????????”“?”???????,???????????

????????????????:??,?????????????“????????????”,??????????????????“??????????”,?????“??”???????????“???????????”??

??????,????????,????,???????,?“????????????????”???,?,???????,????

?????????????:???

???????????:?,?????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????……???,???“??”???????????

70????«????»??,??????????????????????????,???????????“???”?????«?????????»,???????,?????,???????????,?????????,?????????,??????????,????????????????

???????????????:????????????????

???????????????????????????????????????:?????,????????,????????,???????,?????????,???????????,??????,????,??????????,??????????????????

????,?????????,???????????????????????????“???”?,???????“?”??????????,????????????????????????,?,?????????????????????????

2016?????????????,???????????????????,????????????????112???????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???

???????????,?????,??????????????????“??”????????,?????,???????,???????????????????????????????????????,???“??”,???????????????????(?)

????:

??????????????????????????????? ? ?????????

????????????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),?????????????????,????????????????1997??????,???????????????«???»«???»????«??»?

????:?????