???????????????????2??????11??????????????????? (??????????? ???)???????????11??,??,??????(ISO)?????????????????,??????????????????«??????????? ???????????????»(ISO11778:2025)?????????

??????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,??????????????????,???,???????????????????,????????????????????,??????,???????,?????

????,????????????????????????????????(ISO/TC289)??«????»??????????????,?????,???????????????(ISO/TC228)?,??????????????????????,?????,?????(?????)

??????????:????? “?????????”????

?? ????????«?????? ????»????

????:1??????????:??????????

2?????????

3?????vx

4??????????100???

5????????

???????????????????2??????11??????????????????? (??????????? ???)???????????11??,??,??????(ISO)?????????????????,??????????????????«??????????? ???????????????»(ISO11778:2025)?????????

??????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,??????????????????,???,???????????????????,????????????????????,??????,???????,?????

????,????????????????????????????????(ISO/TC289)??«????»??????????????,?????,???????????????(ISO/TC228)?,??????????????????????,?????,?????(?????)

??????????:?????