?? ??????“???”????????

1???????????????????25????,??????2024????????,????????????????14??????,?????????36???

????????????,???,?2019???????????,?????GDP????????5???5?????

???????,3.5%??????????2024????????????5%???????????,?????????

????“??????????”????,????????????????????5%???????????????,????“????????????????”??????????????

???????????????????? ?????

?????????????,??????????????????????????1????,????????????10????2.1???????

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????,«2025??????»??????????????,????????,????,?????????

?????,???????????,????2024????9????????????,??????????,???38.7%??,?????????,????????,?????“?????????????”??????????????????

?????????????????????????????“?”??????2024?????????????,????????,??2024???98?????,?????1900?????????????“??????”,????????????????????????????????????????

?,?????,?????,??????2024????????,?????????????143???????????????,????????????????110?????????????,????,????“??”??????????????????????,???????????

????????????????,??????,??????????????????,????,?????2024??????,?????????1??????????11?????????????,?6?????;??????????????????????0.1??

?????,???????????????,?????????

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9??????????????,??2024???????,??????????????,????,????????????39??,???????9.8%,??????4.8???

????????2024?????????????????????????,???2024???????,????????16.4%????????2024??????

????????,???“?????????????????”???

?????????????,2016????????,????1.2??,???????????????????,?????,??????????,???????????????

????????2024???????????,???2????,??????,“??????????????”?????????????????“?”??????,??“????”??????996.9??????????,????11.5%????,??????

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????,????2024???:

??????????,?????,????“???”????????????????????????????????????????????????????2024????,?????????????????6.6%,???,?????????????????12.9%?9.0%?5.0%???10.2%,???6.0??????????????

?????????????????????????????,????????????????6.7%,?????????????1.5????????????;???????????????2023???????3.9????????,??????????37.2%,?????2007??????????

?????????,?????,?????????????21.8%,???????????5.6?????????????,????9??????????????????????;???????????6?????

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2024??????,????????11.5%,?11.6%???1???????????

???,????????????????????????,????????,?????“?”?????????????11.5%???????????????,???????????????????????????“??”???????????,???????????“????????”??

????????2024???,??????????2024?????,????????(???)31????????????????????

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????,«??????»????20??????97?????473??????????1380?????,???????95.0%?99.0%?97.5%??????97.3%?

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?????????????????,??????,???????????????????,?,??????????2024?R&D????????????????????5100??,???3.6%????????????,?????8????????

??????,???????2024??????«??????»???“????”???????“?????????????”??????????????????,????2020????????????3400?2023???4400?????????????,4??????10%???????“?????,??????????”??????????

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??????????,???????,????????,??????,??????????????????,2024?????????????GDP?????3.5%,????,??????????????,??????????,??????????????,????????????????????“?”?,?????“?”?????

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