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?(??“????”)???????«2024????»??????????????????,??????

????1987??,??????,????????????????,?,??2023?????

?????2023?????????????????????,178???161??????(???????????),?51440?,??????14227????,?????27.7%,??????????????

?,????????????????????????????????10%,???50???????????????2023???????????384?????,?35.25??????????????,???????11.85???????,?????????33.6%,?????????????81.89??,???????

??????????????????,????????????????????1‰??????????????10?1%????

?7???????,?????????????????2071??,?48.4%,???????2023???2.5%,??????????????1625?,??????????????????????6.57????????????????????????????,?????????33.8%,?????????2023??????3%,????????????????????;????????????????????7.65??????????,?39.3%,????

«??»(Cell)?«???»(Nature)???«????????????»(Science)??2023?,??????5907?,???395??????????????????,???????????2022?????????????????

??10????,?????????????????????16.20??,????????????(15.76????),???????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7????????

??,2023?????????????????????,???????,?????????1/3?2023?????,??????????20.4%??????????73.8%,??????????????????177?????(???????????),???6?????????????????????????????????

????????????????,??????????????????2023?,???,?????

????????????????????????,????????????2023???????1/4?37???????????,???????????2022????????????????2?;???????????????1/4??149?????????????????????,??????2022????????????????????????12?????????????????????????????(?? ???????????????????????????????) ?????????????:??