????:1?????:??????????

2?????

3?????QQ?

4???????

5????????

?????????????????????(???????????“?????????”)???????????«2024??»???????,???????????????

???????????1987?????????????????????,?,??????????????,??????????,???????????????????????????????2023???????????????????????????????

??2023?,178?161???????(?),?51440?????????,??????14227??,???27.7%,????

???,?????????????????10%,????????????????????????50????2023??????384??????,????35.25??????,???????????????????11.85???,?33.6%,??????????????????81.89?,????????

???????????,??1‰?????????????????????10?????????????????1%?????????????????

?7??,?2071??????,???????????48.4%,??2023??2.5%,?????1625???,?????6.57???????,??????????33.8%,??2023?????????3%,????????????????????????????;????????????????????7.65??,????????????????????????39.3%,??

«????»(Cell)?«????????????»(Nature)???????????????????????????????«???»(Science)???2023?,?????????5907?,???395?????????????????????,??????????????????2022?????????????????????

???????10????,????????????16.20?,???(15.76???????????),?????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7???

??????????,2023????????????????????,?,????1/3?2023?????????????????,????????????????20.4%??????73.8%,?????177??????????????????(???????),????????????????6??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????,????????2023?,?????????,???

??,??????2023?1/4????37??????,???????2022?????2??????????????????????????;?????????????????????1/4??149?????????????,??2022??????????12???(???????????????? ???????) ??:??