????:1???????:?????????

2????????????

3???????????

4?????

5?????

??????????????????????????????10???14???????????????(?)2024???“???????????”?????????????10??????????????????14?,2024??????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson????????????????James A. Robinson???

“????”????????????

??????????????“???????”???,??????“????????????????”,??“?”????

??1968???,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,??

?“???????????????????”,???????????????,??67???2007????(Leonid Hurwicz),???????????,??90????????2019???????????(Esther Duflo),???????????????????????????46?????

??????????????,????,????????????????2009??????(Elinor Ostrom)?

???:?????????????????

?????????“??????????”?

??????????1969???2024?????????????,?????????????56??,???????????90????????????????????????,?????

“???,??????,???????”?????????

1994??????????????????“????????”?????????????????????«?»?????????????2015???,????????????????????????????????????????

2002?????????,??“??,??????”???

????:2018?????????????????

2018??,????????????(William D. Nordhaus)???????????????(Paul M. Romer),???:“?????”?“??????????”?

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?????????????????,???????????????,????????“????????”,“?????”?

2017???????????????????(Richard Thaler)?????“???????????”????????,??????????????????,????,??????????????????????,????,???????????

?,???????????

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2019??????????,???????????????????????????????,???????????,??????,?????????????????????????,????????????????

“2019??????????????????????????,?,??????????????????????”????????????(???????)

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