2023?????????????3.3???

????:??????????:??????

?????10?????2?? (????????? ???)??????2???«2023????»?,2023???(R&D)??????3.3???????(????,?),????33357.1??????,?????8.4%,?“????????”???“??7%?????”????

??????R&D?2012???1???????,2019???2???,2022???????3?,??R&D??????????????,???

?????,2023??R&D?????????????(R&D???????GDP??????????)??????2.65%,??0.09???,????????“??”??0.02???,?????????????????????R&D???????12??,???(OECD)???????(2.73%)?

????????????R&D????2023???,??R&D????25922.2???3856.3???????????????2753.3?????,??????8.6%?1.1%??????14.1%???,??????R&D?????77.7%,???2022??0.1??????,???(79.0%)?????????????????(79.4%),??(67.4%)???(65.8%)???

??R&D?????,2023????2259.1???3661.5?????????????27436.5????,??11.6%?5.1%???8.5%??????,?????????R&D?6.77%,??????????(?) ???:???