???????????????……?????????!

????:???????:??????????

???,????,????????????????,??????2.2????,??,??75?????????

?????????????,???????????????,?,????????????,?????????????,????????????????

??????“???????????????????????????????”??75???????,????????????????????????????????????,??????,??

????????,????????????“????????????”??????,???

?????????????????,??????????????,???????????????815(2)??????,??????“????”???????????????,???????????“??”???????????????????????????????????“?????????????????????????????????”?

? ????:??,?????????????????????????????,???????????4.5?????????????,?????,?????????????????????????????

1955??????????,?????“????”??,?????????????

???????????????1984???????,????????,????,?????????,?????????

?????????????2007??????????60?????????,??????????????????????????????,????????????,??????“????”?????“???????????”???,?????????“??????????”?

????????21????,??????????21????????????????;

????????????71.4???????????,??????714???????????????????;

?????13????,???????13????,???????

??????????70?????,????,???“?????????????????”?????????????,????

???:?? ?????????????????

“?”,???????“????????”,??????????????????“?????”,?????????,???????“???”?????????????????????????????,?????????????????????

??,????????????????????,????????,????????

?????,??????????,??,??????????????12??15?????,?????????????,?????,???

???,??????????????????????????,????????????????????,??????????????,????????????“??????”?????

?,???????????????????,??????????,????????????1990????,????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????,??????????,??????????

1956???????????,???????????,????,??????????????????“???????????”?????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????,?????

?????

?????????????13?????????????????????????“?????????”?,????????????????????????????????,???

? ?????????????????????????:??????????????????,??????3000???,?????????400????????????????????,???????????,????

?,???

????????????9????,????????????????

?,???????????????????????????????????????,???“??????????”????????,??

??????,?????????????????8??????????????,??????????????????158.7????????,???46%;???????????30??????????,?????????????????49%?

“??????????”?????????

????????????,?70%??80%???????????,??

??????,???????,???????????????;???????,???????,?????????????????10???70???????

????????????,???,???????40??????????????,???????,????????????,?????????

2023???11??,??????????????8????,????????3000?????,??????????????????

(?????? ??????????????? ???? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????) ???:?????