2023???3.3?????????????

????:??????:???????

?????????10??2??? (?????????? ??)?????????????2???«2023??»??,2023???????(R&D)??3.3????(??,?????),??????33357.1??????,???8.4%,?“????”??????????????“???????7%??”????

??R&D??2012??????1???,2019?????????2??,2022???3?????????,?????????????????R&D???,??

???,2023?R&D??????(R&D?????GDP??)????2.65%,?????????????0.09????,???????“???????”?????0.02?,??????R&D????????12??????,??(OECD)????????(2.73%)?

?????????????R&D????????2023??,??R&D?25922.2???3856.3??2753.3???,?????????????8.6%?1.1%??????14.1%???,??R&D??77.7%,???2022?????0.1??,?????(79.0%)?????(79.4%),???(67.4%)?????????(65.8%)?????

???????R&D???,2023???????????????2259.1?????3661.5?????27436.5???????????????,?11.6%?5.1%?8.5%???,???R&D?6.77%,??????(???) ????:????