????:1??????????:?????????

2?????????

3????????

4???????100???

5?????????????

??7?4??? (? ?)??????4?«???????????????(2024)»(?????“???”)????????????????????,??,???

????????,2023????1850??????????????,??10??(2014??2023??????????????)????????(1850????????1900??)??????1.2??????????????????0.84?,?1901?????????

??,1958?2023??????????,?????(?2000???????????????)?,?????????????20?90???2023?????,???????,2023????

??,2023????????????????,?????1993???????????2011??????72???

???????????????,??2023?,??,???????????1960????????,???

??????????,?????1979?2023??,??,3?????????9????????????????10??????????????????2.6%??14.1%?2023??????????2?????9????????,?38.1%?15.1%,??????????????(????????) ?????????:??