???????

????:????????????:????

?????????11????18???????

???????????????

??????????????,???,???,??????????????????????,??2024?????????????11????????????12?????2????43????????,???????????????84???

??????????????1940???????????????12???????9??,?????????,?????,??1957?????????????????????????11???,??????,????1?1???????????????????1????2????????,????????????????????????,????????????,???,?????????1959?????11????,??????????

1960?????????????4??????,?????????1??????????1????????????2??,????????3?????????????1963??7?,??,?????????,????1966???????????2?????????1???????????????????,????11??????????1?,???????,???1970????????2?,?????????????,1974?12????10?,????,???????????????????????????????????????????,????1979?????????????2??????,?43??????????????????127??????????????????,??????????????????,??????????

1979???????????????7?????????,???????20????????????????58?,1981?2????????58?,1983??5?????????20??????,1985??????????????????????8?????????????20???????,1990????6??54??????????????????????20??20????????????,?,????,????????????????“??????????????????????”??,???????“?”?????????54??????,?,???,??????15??????????,??????????,??????????????

1993????????????????12?????????????,?????????????,1995??7?,1997?11??????,1999????????????????12??????????????????,????,?????????????????,????,??????????,?,??????????????“?????”??????????????????????,???;1998????????????????????????????,??????????????????10?,????????????????,????,????????????????,??????????,?,???????“???????”????????????????????????

2002??????????10??,?,2002?11????????????,????????????????????,?????,??????????????,??????????????????,???????,??????????????????????“???????????????”?????,?????????????????????????????????????,?,??????,????????????,????????,????????,?,????????????????????????,????????????“?-2005”?“????????-2007”?????,???????????????????????

2008????????3???,?????????,?????????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????,?????,????«?????????????»,?“???????”?????????????,??????,?,???????????????,??56?????????????????,????????,?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????,????,???????,???????????????,?????

2013????3????????????,??,???,?????????????????????

?????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????2002?????5???

??????????,??????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????“?????”?????????????,??????,??????????????????????“????????????”?????????????,??????“????”????????????????????“?????????????”?????“?”,?????????????,?????,??????????????????????????????????,??????,????????,?,?????????????????????????????????,?????????,??????????????????,?????????????,????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????,?????????,?????

?????????,???????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????!?????????????????????!

??????????????????! ??????????????:???????????