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2??????????

3?????????????

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????10?2????? (?? ?)??????????????????2??????«2023?»??????,2023?????(R&D)???????3.3?????(???,??????),?????33357.1??????,??8.4%,?????????????“??”????“????7%??”???

??R&D?2012????1??,2019?????????????????2????????,2022???????3???????,???R&D??,???????

?????,2023??????????R&D?(R&D?GDP??)???2.65%,???????0.09???,?“??”??0.02????,?????????????????R&D??12???,???(OECD)???(2.73%)?

???????R&D????2023?,??????R&D?????????25922.2????3856.3???2753.3?,?????????8.6%?1.1%???14.1%???,??????????????R&D????????77.7%,????2022?????0.1??,???????(79.0%)???(79.4%),??(67.4%)???(65.8%)??????????

??R&D?????????????,2023???????????2259.1??????3661.5??27436.5???????,??11.6%?5.1%???????8.5%????,??????R&D?????6.77%,??????(??) ????:???????