????:1???????????:???????????

2???????????

3???????

4?cc????????

5????????????

“? ?????????

????

????

??????

??????

???????”

????75???????????,?????????????????70????????????,???«?????»???????????????????????

2024?70???????????????

?1954???????????,????????????????????

70???????,????,?????????????????

70???????????,???????,????????????????????????????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????

1954???????,?????????5.6?,70?,????????????????????????22.2??,?3??????????70???????,??????,?????????,??????80%?,???????????

?????,?????“??????????????”?????????????,????????????????????????,??????????????6???,74??,13898??47262??????,??????????“????????????????????”,???????????????2015??1930?????????????????15473??????????,??,???

??,“??????”??????????????

?????????,????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????,????????????????100%???????????95%?

?44?????????188??????????????????,??????????????????

??????,??????,???????,???????,???????

70????,????????????????,????????,??????????????????????????????????,???,??????????,????,????????,?????????

????????????,????,?????,????,???“??????????????????”??,????,??????,?????

“???????,????,????????????????”

?????7??????,????,????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????,????

2012??,?????????????????“??????????????”????,??????????????,??????????,???????????“??????????,????????????????????????????????”??,???????????????????,????????????????

“??????????????????”???,“????????????,?????????????,???????????,????????,???????????”

?????????????“????????”???????“????”,?????????

?,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????“????????”???????????

“????????????????????????????,??????,???????????,????2023??,???????14.24?????,??????????????105.11?????????,??,??”?????????

????????????????????,??????????:“?????????????????,??????,????‘???’???,?????????,??”

????????????,????????,???????????????????????,????????,????????????

??????????“??????”????,?????????“??????”????????????????,?????????,????????,????????,???????????????,????????????????????????340????“??,????????”,???

??????????????????,????,??1.74?,????33??;??970???????????,??9.5???,??????46.7%??????58.85%;???????????,??,????????????????????98.6%,?????III?????

???????,?44??????,30??,14??????????????50??471???????????????,??????1????40?????????????????????,??474???????????????????????5989???,???,????????????????????

????????,?????

????,?????35????????????,????????????14??????????????,???????62.49%,?????20%?????????85%?;??????????????????????,????????????????15.48??????????,??????????????“??”?????????,???????????????????????????,??????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????????????,???????“???????????????????????????”???

??????,“???????????”

?????????,??????,????,?????????????????????,????????????????

???????????,??????????,??????????????

??????????????200???????,????“?????????”?“???????????,??????????????????????????,??,??????????,?,?????????????????????!”

2020????,?“?”??,???????????????????????????,????????,??????“???????????????????????????”??????

“???????,????,??????????,???????????”2023???????,???????“????”,???????30???,????????????????

?,????????????????,?????????????????

??,??????,?????????????,?????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????,??

??????????????,?????,????,???????????????2021??????????????????,??,??????????????????1200??????????,????????62????,???????????????????????????????

??????????30%60%,????????800??????????“????100??????,??????????1000?????????,???”??,????2???????????????3?,?????7?????“??”?????????????????????,??????

??????????????????????????????????????,?????“????????????,???????????????????????????????,??200???????,?????????????5000??????????,????????,?????????????”?????????68?,??????,??????“??”????????

?????????????,????????,????????

??,???????????????????

70??????????????????,??,???????,?????????????70???????,??????,??,???????,??????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????,??205?????????????,????22?????,“???????”“??????????????????????????”??

??,??????4.26%;????????4.21%??????????26%????????52%???????9?????,?????????????????????457?,????????,??????“????”????2023??????,?????????67.2???,??;????12.12??????,????1952???3072.04??,??????????38.45????????????????;?????????????????????????????3.57????,?????5000??????????;???118.8???????,?????????????1990?????201.6???????????,????2000???53.3?????;??13.26???????,????1954????2048????;???????????????44365?????,????????????????;????????????????12404???????????,??????????????????,?????????????????14?????,??????????37.38??,??????????1023????,??????

??,???????

“?????,??,?????????????‘????’,???????????,????”???

????“????”,???????“???”????,????,??????????,????????

??,??????,??,???????,????????????,?????????????,??????457???,????????????????????????????????????????1457??????,???????????“???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????”???,???????????????“??”???????,???????“??????,??????”“???????,????”??????????????

2015??,???“????????”,?????6???,????????,??120???????“?????,????????????????????????,?????????????”????

??????,?????????“????????”??????????????????,???????????????“????”??????,??????????????????????????????????????????“??????????????+?????????????”?,???????“?”???“???”,??“????”“?????”????????????????“???”????

“?‘??????????????????????????’,????????????????????,?????????????‘??????????????’??????????”????

?,????????,?????????????;???????

“????,????????????”

?,??????????????,??,???????????????????????????,????,?,???????????,?????????????????????????,???????????????????????

2024????????6?????????,???????,????????????????

???2019?,??????,??????1400???4000?????,??,????????“????”????“??”????,???????

“????????????,?,??????????????,????????????????????,???”??????????????,??

??,?,?????????????“?????????”?

????????????????????????????13?,????94.2%??,???????,???,????????“?????”???????

“????????,??????????????”,???????????????,????“?????????”??,????“??????????????”????????,????????,????????????????????????

????,??????????????????????,??????????????,???????;???????????,??14??????????;??????,???????????????????????,????“??”??????“??”????????????“????????????”?????“????????”????“?????????????”??????????????“?????????”???????“????????????????”?

“????????,????”?????????,?,????«???????????»:????????,????????????????????;????????,?????;????,?????????……??????,?????

(???????????? ???? ??? ????????????? ???????? ? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????) ?????????:????????????