2023???3.3?????????????

????:????????????:???????????

?????10???2??? (????????????? ???)????????????2?????«2023???»??????,2023??(R&D)???????3.3?(?,??????????????),??33357.1?????,??8.4%,??????“?”?????????????????“??7%?????”???

???R&D???????2012????1??,2019??2??????,2022??3?,???R&D??????,???

?????,2023???R&D????????(R&D??GDP??)?????????2.65%,???0.09???,?????“????”???????0.02??,??????????R&D??12??????????,???(OECD)???????(2.73%)?

????????R&D?????????2023????,??R&D???25922.2???3856.3???2753.3??,???8.6%?1.1%?????14.1%???,?????????????R&D???77.7%,??2022??0.1?????????????,??????(79.0%)????(79.4%),??(67.4%)????(65.8%)???????

?R&D???,2023???????????2259.1????3661.5??27436.5???????,?????11.6%?5.1%?8.5%??????????,??????R&D???????????????6.77%,?????????(??) ????????:??