????:1????????:????wx

2??????

3?????????

4??????????????

5???????

????????????????11???22????????????????(?????)11???????????21?????????????,“????????????19491999”????????????????????,?????7????????????????????????“?????????????????????”????

???????7??????????????????????????????????????????????7???????????????????????,?75??

??,?,?“??????”???,“??,?”,????“???????”?????????????,??????????????

??,????????????

“??????????????????????”???????????????,?????????????????????

???????????????“??”??,?1949??????????????“??”??????????????????????,1952???????0.55????1.8??????????????????????,?720???,??????70??,??????

??,???????????1988????“?????????????????”???????,??,10??????????????

“??????????????,??????????,??????????????????????”???????,?,????

???????????????

???????????,???

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???,????????????????????????????,?,???????????

“??????,????,??????????????”????,“????????,?????”

2011?????????,“?????????”??«??????»,?????????????

9???23???????????????,??????????????? ????????????

?????,???????

“??????????,??????????????????????????????????????”??????????????????,???????????????????

??????20??80?????????????,???,????????????????,??“????????????????????”????????????????

“??????????????????????????,????????????”????,??,???????????????

?,1982??;1983????????????????????????«???????»???;??

???????,???12?????????????20??(????)

?????????????????:???????????????