????:1?????????:??????

2???????qq

3???????

4???????????

5????????

????9???4????????????????? ????????????????????????4????,???????????????????,??????????????2023?????????????????0.1%??,????????????0.2%?

??,????,????

?,2025?????????2026???????0.5%,???????????????????????????????????????1.1%??;???????????2026??????????????1.1%?

??????????????????????????(Stefan Kooths)??,??????????,?????????????,?????

“????????????,???????????????,?????????????????”???????????????????????????????????????(Moritz Schularick)?,????,?????????????????,???????????,????????????????????“?????,?????????”(???????) ???:???