?136??????????????

????:?????????:????

???9?5???? (?? ???????????)????????????????136????????????????(????“??”)????????????5?,????????????????

?????,?????????????????????????8??????????????,??????49?????????????????????????????????,?????????,??????????,????????,?????,?????????

???(BWA)????,??“??????”????????“????????????????????”?,????,?,??????????????????,2023??????119?????????;2024????????????????,??,?????73??????????????????????????,????,??????????????????

???????????????????????,?136????????,?,??;????????,??????;???,???????????????;??????????????,???????;?????,??????????????????????????,????????,?,??

9???????????5????????????,??????136???????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?

?????????????????????????????????;????

???,?????????????,????????

??1957???,??????,?????“???????????”????????????136???????????????10??????15??????,?????????????????????????????????????,???,?????(?)

???????????:???????????????????