(?????)“????”????????????

????:??????:????

?????????????10???????5??? ???:“??????”??????

???? ????????

“?????”???????????,??????????,?????????????????

??????????????,??????????“?”???,???????????????????????????????????

1938??????????????,?????????????,?????????????????????,??????,??,???????1949??,11??,???????????????????,???,??????????????,???????????,“???,????”?

????,??????,????????????

“?,???,????????????????,??????????????????”???????,??????????,??????????????????????,??????????,?????????????

????,???????????????(??)

1963?????????????,?,?????(???????????)???,???????????????????????,????????

????????,???????????????(???“???????????????????”)????????????????????????????????????“????????????????????????”?,?????,?????,??????“????????”“???????????”????????????????

20???80??????????????,???????????????36000??????????????,?????????????????????,?????,??????“?????????????????”?????????????,????????,??????????????????

1996??????????????2??????????????????15????????,???????,?????????“????,??????”??????????,?????,?????????????

????????????????????????????,????“?????????????????????,????????”?,?30??????????,????????500???????????????????,?????????????,???????????????????????,????“????”?

???????????,??????????,?????????????????????,???????????

???????????????????,???,?????????????????????“??????????????”?????????????????,????????“???????”???“????????????????????????????,????”????

????????????????????(?????????)

????????,????,????????????????????,???,?????????????????,???????????????,?????????????????,?????????????

“??????????????????,??????,???????,???????????????”??????????

?,???????????,???,????????????????????????????,????????,?????????????????????(?????????????????????)

?????????????:????????