????:1????????????:??????

2?????

3???????

4????????

5??????

?10???????????????????????????14???????????(???)2024??????????“????”???????????????10??14????,2024?????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson??????????????????James A. Robinson??

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??????“????”??,?????????????????????“?????”,?“?”???

????1968????,????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????,????????????????????

????????????“??”,??????????????,???????????67???????2007????????????(Leonid Hurwicz),?????????,???90??????????????????2019???????(Esther Duflo),?46??

?,???????????????????????,????????????????2009??(Elinor Ostrom)?

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????????“????????????????”?

??????1969?????2024????,??????56???????????????????????,??????????????90????????????????,?????????????????

“???,?,??????????????”???????????????????????????

1994??????“??????”????????????????????????????????«??????»????????2015???,?????????

2002????,??????“??,?”???????????????????

???????:2018??????????????????????????

2018??????,??????????????????(William D. Nordhaus)??????????????????(Paul M. Romer),?:“??????????????”?“?????”?

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??????????????????,?????????????,????????????“??????????”,“?”?

2017???????????????????????????????????????????(Richard Thaler)???????“???????????????”?????,??????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????,?????????????????,???????

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???,??????????7???????????,?????500??5?????????????????????,???????

???????:2019??,????

2019??????,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????,??,????????,?????

“2019???????????????????,???????,???”?????????(??????????)

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