????:1??????????????:??????????

2???300?????

3???????????

4??????

5??????????????

?????(??????????????????“??”)????????????«2024??????????????????»??,????????????????????

?1987????????????????????,??????,??????,???????,?????2023????????

??????2023???,178???????????161?(?),?????51440?,???????????14227???????????????????????????????,?????????27.7%,???

??????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????10%,?????????50????????????2023??384?,?????????35.25???????????????????????????????????????,??11.85?????????????????,??????33.6%,??81.89??,??????????????????????

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????7?????????????????????,??2071?,???????????????48.4%,?????????2023???????2.5%,???????????1625?????????????,?????????6.57????????????????????????,??33.8%,???2023??3%,???????????;???7.65?,??39.3%,??

«?»(Cell)?«?»(Nature)????????????«???»(Science)?????????????????2023?????????????,?????5907??????????????????????????,????????????????????395?,???????????2022????

?10?,???????????16.20???????????,??????(15.76?),????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7????

???????,2023????,??,??1/3?2023?,?20.4%?????73.8%,?177??????????????????(???),???????????????????6??????????????????????????????????????

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????????????????????,?????????????????2023???????1/4????37??????,?2022?2???????;?1/4?????????149??,??2022?12???????????(?????? ???????) ?????????????:?????????????????