????:1?????:??????600?1200

2????????????

3????????

4??????

5???????????

??????/????????????????

????????????????????,????,?????

???,?????????,???????????????,???????????????????(GDP)???????????????

????

????????,????????????GDP?????????????4.8%??????????????,????,?????????????????????GDP?????????????0.9%,???,???????????

??????????????????“???”?,9???????????????????????????????????10??(PMI)????????5?????????????,????????????

??????????,?GDP????2.8%,????????70%????3.7%,???????????0.9??????????3.3%,????0.6???

????????,??????,??????????????,???????,??????,?????

????GDP????????????????0.9%??????????,????????????,????????????GDP???0.2%,???????????????GDP??0.4%??????0.8%?

????,??????????????????,??????????????GDP????????????7.4%,???????????????????????????????????GDP?5.3%,???????GDP?????????????4.1%,?????2.9%?

????,?????GDP??????????0.1%,????????????????????????,????,?????????2.2%?2.3%,????2.4%?

????????

?????????????,???,?????????????????????????????,??????????

?????????,??????????,???????

???????????????????,???????,??????????(IMF)??????,??????,???????7%,????????????????GDP?????????,?????

????,??2023?????10????????,2024??????2.7%,????2023????1.2%?????

??????????????????????,?????“?????”“??”??“????????????”????,????????

?????,“???????????”????????2000????2023??,“????????????????????”?????????“????????????”???????????25.1%????????????42.1%,??????“???????”?32.1%????48.8%?

???????????“?????????”?????????2000??????????????????????2023???,“??????????????????????”??2.2%?5.4%,??4.0%?????????????????11.9%??????????“?????”????? ?????:??????????????