?????(???????? ?????)

????:??????????:?????????

????,????????????50?,?????????????????????,???????10????,?????????????“???????,????”????????

????????????:“???????????,????????????,??????,??????????????????????”

????????????????????75??,??????????????,????????????,???,?,???????????????,???????????,??????????????

??

????

?:“???????????????,????,????????????”

???,????????1956?????????????????“??????????????”????60???????,??“???????????????”???,???????,???1450???????????????????……????????????????

???????;??????????????????????;?????,?……?????,?????

??????????,????,????,???,??????,?????????????????????????

????????“??????”,????????????????“????????????”,?????“???”??????,“15???????????????????????????????”????????,“?”?????????????,?,“????”??,“????”“??????????BA”????,??????????????????????????????……?????

???????????5???,????2.89?????????????,????????“?????????”????2.6?????????……???,??????????????????????

??????????

?

???:“??????????????????,???????????????,?????”

9??????????????????????????11????????,200???????????????2024????????????????????????“????????????”?????????????????????????????????????,????????????????100????“?????????????????????”??????????

?????????????2015???????10????,?2018???,???????9???????83?,?????????????????……?????????????,???????“?????”?

????????????????????????,????????

2023???,??????100?,?????????????24??,???????????????????10?????????????2024???????,100?????????????,?????????

?????,???????????????????2012???????2023?????????????,??????????????????1244??????????,???161???????????,?????????????9????????4?????????????2?????,????????,?????????40??27?????????24?????????,??????????

“????????????????????,??,????,?????”???????????

????“????????”

????????

?????????????:“????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????,????”

????????,???????????????????????,???????:“????????????????,?,?????????????????????”

?????????????,?????????,??????????,???????????????????????,??????,???????,???????????,?????????????????????

????,?????????????????,“?????????????????????????”?????????“????”?????????????????????????5?????????????????????“??????????????”,???4.5????,??????????????????6.43???????

????????,????????2012???????????????????2022????????,??????15.4%,???????????????0.60%???1.08%?2023??????????????528.9?????,?178%?????????????,????????????????????????????????

??,?,??????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,??????????,?????????????????(???????????????? ?? ???????? ?????????????) ??????:?????